在9月2日举行的外交部例行记者会上，有记者提问，81年前的今天，日本正式签署投降书，标志着世界反法西斯战争取得最终胜利。当前有一些观点认为，“敌国”事实上已不存在，“敌国条款”已经失效、没有实际意义。请问发言人对上述观点有何回应？能否进一步介绍中方立场？
郭嘉昆 资料图 图源：外交部网站
外交部发言人郭嘉昆指出，1945年9月2日，日本政府正式签署投降书，接受《波茨坦公告》全部条款，确认了日本军国主义发动侵略战争的定性，这一历史结论不容篡改，战后国际秩序更不容挑战。《联合国宪章》中至今保留着“敌国条款”，相关条款仍然有效，包括第53条、第77条和第107条。这是针对二战战败国的特殊制度安排，旨在防止其再度对国际和平与安全构成威胁，为捍卫战后国际秩序提供了重要制度保障。日本当年正是在承认军国主义罪行、接受《联合国宪章》全部内容的前提下加入联合国的。
The Japanese authorities should earnestly abide by the international obligations affirmed in Japanese Instrument of Surrender, face up to history, draw lessons from the past, make a clean break with militarism, and take concrete actions to win the trust of Asian neighbors and the international community, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesman Guo Jiakun said on Wednesday in response to a question about China's position over some views on Japan's refusal to recognize "Enemy State Clauses", an important provision of the UN Charter.
Sept 2 is the 81st anniversary of Japan's formal signing of the Instrument of Surrender, which marked the final victory of the World Anti-Fascist War. On Sept 2, 1945, the Japanese government formally signed the Instrument of Surrender, accepting all the terms of the Potsdam Proclamation and confirming the historical characterization of Japan's militarist aggression.
The "Enemy State Clauses" remain in the UN Charter to this day, and the relevant provisions, including Articles 53, 77 and 107, remain valid, Guo said.
He noted that the clauses constitute a special institutional arrangement concerning the countries defeated in World War II, aimed at preventing them from again posing a threat to international peace and security and providing important institutional safeguards for upholding the postwar international order.
郭嘉昆表示，如今，日本执政当局不仅对历史罪责避而不谈，反而对二战甲级战犯顶礼膜拜，歪曲美化侵略罪行，加快推进“再军事化”，意图修改和平宪法，与几乎所有周边邻国交恶，公然干涉他国内政甚至发出武力威胁。日本“新型军国主义”这头“灰犀牛”正在奔袭而来，再度对亚太和平稳定带来威胁。在这一背景下，全面遵守《联合国宪章》、重申“敌国条款”十分必要。
Japan joined the UN after acknowledging the crimes of militarism and accepting the UN Charter in its entirety. Today, however, Guo said, the Japanese authorities have not only avoided addressing the country’s historical culpability, but have also paid homage to WWII Class A war criminals, distorted and whitewashed its crimes of aggression, accelerated its pursuit of "remilitarization", and sought to revise its pacifist Constitution.
Japan has also antagonized almost all of its neighboring countries, openly interfered in the internal affairs of other countries and even issued threats of the use of force, Guo added.
The gray rhino of "neo-militarism" in Japan is charging toward the region, once again posing a threat to peace and stability in the Asia-Pacific, Guo said, stressing that against such a backdrop, it is necessary to fully uphold the UN Charter and reaffirm the "Enemy State Clauses".
“我们敦促日本当局切实恪守《日本投降书》所确认的国际义务，正视历史，以史为鉴，同军国主义彻底切割，以实际行动取信于亚洲邻国和国际社会。”郭嘉昆说。
来源：外交部官网 环球时报
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